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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso uses precision pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the delicious coffee we enjoy. What exactly is it?

To make espresso hot water is forced under high pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee. However the pressure is the main difference.

The Head of the Group

The group head is the portafilter you place in the espresso maker when making it. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter and controlling the pressure that results from the extraction. There are many different types of group heads, each with its own advantages and Machine espresso drawbacks. Some are designed for the stability of temperature while some are designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. Some include a combination such as the E61. This is a favorite among baristas due to the fact that it has multiple advantages in a single package.

As you can see in the above image the group head comes with several notches to put your portafilter, then twist it with your hands to secure it. There is also a gasket made from rubber which is located inside the notches, which helps create an airtight seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches permit an exact placement of the portafilter. This is crucial to ensure a consistent extraction.

The group head is not just able to allow you to put in your portafilter easily but also maintains the same temperature. This is achieved by cycling hot water around the portafilter and through the brew-basket, making sure that the temperature is always at the right level for extraction. This is important, as even a small difference in temperature can make the difference between good and great espresso.

The Pump

The motorized pumps used in rotary espresso machines supply the nine atmospheric bar pressure that is required to extract espresso. This differs from manual piston machines which use a lever. This pressure is built up by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are generally less expensive than piston-driven machines, and they tend to last longer, but both types of machines may get damaged through overuse and lack of cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems that can lead to the cost of even the most basic models.

Some espresso machines do away with the pump completely and make use of steam pressure to make espresso. The disadvantage of this is that the boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water until it reaches boiling, which can lead to excessive extraction. They also have to continually rebuild their pressure between cups. This requires energy and time.

A majority of espresso machines use the rotary or vibration pump, which has a vibration model using a rotating disc to generate the pressure and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both machines produce great espresso, however rotary machines are quieter, more durable and less likely to break.

The Boiler

The boiler heats the water to the right temperature for extraction. The steam that is produced will eventually reach the portafilter, which holds the espresso grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. During this process, the steam creates pressure to push through the grounds of the coffee. This creates a layer crema on top. This is the hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three different types of espresso machines, each with distinct pumps and the temperature of the brew. There are different ways that the brew may be controlled and the size of the cup that the maker can create.

The first espresso machines were steam-type. The first best home espresso machine machines were steam-type machines. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. This is the reason Milanese producers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni developed the modern espresso machine.

The most well-known espresso maker is a semi-automatic machine with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they picture these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans by yourself while the pump controls the water flow and pressure. This is a fantastic solution that combines human control with mechanized consistency.

The Filter

Typically, retro espresso machine machines use a filter to separate out the grounds of coffee machine espresso when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also an important component of the temperature control system, since it helps prevent the machine from overheating.

A filter can also help with flavor Machine espresso as it allows for the beans to flower for a longer period of time. This allows the beans to release their flavors and provides an opportunity for a better extraction.

It is important to remember that even the finest filter can make a bad cup of coffee. The quality of the beans and the extraction process, remain vital.

This is where the magic happens, it's what makes an espresso really taste good. The grouphead, also called the brew head, is where the portafilter (the device you put the ground coffee into) is placed when you're making buy espresso makers.

Steam-driven espresso machines make use of hot water heated in an airtight container to create steam. The steam then moves hot water through the grounds of the coffee under pressure. These types of machines are typically less expensive and simpler to maintain than pump-driven models. They are however limited in their ability to create the ideal conditions for brewing as they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The ideal shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, espresso machines driven by compressed air-pump are becoming increasingly popular. They utilize an air compressor to force hot water through the grounds and are much more portable than steam-driven electric machines.